What is Wastewater? | Wastewater Digest
Dec 1, 2021 · Wastewater is used water that has been affected by domestic, industrial and commercial use. The composition of all wastewaters is thus constantly changing and highly variable, which is why it is so difficult to pinpoint a singular definition of the word itself. The composition of wastewater is 99.9% water and the remaining 0.1% is what is removed.
What is Coagulation for Water Treatment? - Wastewater Digest
Mar 8, 2022 · Coagulation treatment is usually carried out before sedimentation and filtration. During the process, a coagulant is added to water, and its positive charge neutralizes the negative charge of suspended contaminants. Neutralization causes suspended particles to bind together (hence the term). In clumps known as “flocs”, these particles sink ...
What is Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)? - Wastewater Digest
Oct 27, 2021 · Sources of BOD. Sources of biological oxygen demand include leaves and woody debris; dead plants and animals; animal manure; effluents from pulp and paper mills, wastewater treatment plants, feedlots, and food-processing plants; failing septic systems; and urban storm water runoff.. One of the most important nutrients affecting BOD in aquatic systems — especially in recent times — is ...
What is Aeration for Wastewater Treatment?
Mar 17, 2022 · Aeration is an activated sludge process, promoting microbial growth in the wastewater. The microbes then feed on organic material, forming flocks which easily settle out. Once settled in a separate settling tank, bacteria forming the "activated sludge" flocks are continually recirculated back to the aeration basin, increasing decomposition rates.
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Wastewater Digest is dedicated to delivering up-to-date information on technology, products and trends in the municipal wastewater industry. Monthly editorial topics include: wastewater treatment trends and technologies; collection systems; energy management; biosolids treatment and disposal; chemicals; pipe maintenance and repairs; SCADA and ...
What is a Pump Station? - Wastewater Digest
Apr 13, 2022 · A pump station works by collecting sewage or wastewater and storing it in a chamber. When the collected sewage reaches the maximum level, the sewage is lifted through a discharge system using a high-pressure integral pump. The liquid is then pumped into a sewage treatment works or gravity sewer. A float switch or a liquid level sensor is used ...
What is Total Suspended Solids (TSS)? - Wastewater Digest
Sep 9, 2021 · TSS stands for total suspended solids, and refers to waterborne particles that exceed 2 microns in size. Any particle that is smaller than 2 microns, on the other hand, is considered a total dissolved solid (TDS). The majority of total suspended solids comprise of inorganic materials; however, algae and bacteria may also be considered TSS.
What is Activated Sludge? - Wastewater Digest
Jun 17, 2021 · How the activated sludge process works. The activated sludge process is designed to speed up the rate of decomposition of waste material in water and was first developed in 1914, according to the International Water Association. The activated sludge process was first tested at the Manchester - Davyhulme Wastewater Treatment Plant, in a "mobile" pilot-plant.
What is Grit Removal? - Wastewater Digest
Jan 25, 2023 · Grit is both organic and inorganic material with a wide size range from 140 microns to 300 microns or more found in the influent entering a municipal WWTP. Grit particles of 1,588 microns (1/16 inches) have also been reported and removed from municipal WWTPs. Grit includes solid material entering the sewage influent from a variety of sources ...
What is Water Filtration? - Wastewater Digest
Nov 10, 2021 · Definition. Filtration is the process in which solid particles in a liquid or gaseous fluid are removed by the use of a filter medium that allows the fluid to pass through while retaining the solid particles. It may mean the use of a physical barrier, chemical, and/or a biological process. The removal of particles takes place with processes ...